A Better Non Orthogonal Space Time Block Code - 1223 Words

Cooperative communication is a new concept of research and it is a powerful technique to mitigate fading in wireless relaying layout. Concerning with the fading problem, this paper is focuses to give a better non-orthogonal space-time block code (STBC) scheme and assimilate it in the cooperative relaying nodes for upgrading performance of the system. Golden coded has also been incorporated in IEEE 802.16 (Wi-MAX) standard as a full rate full diversity space-time code and proven to present a ranking performance in a wireless MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) scenario than any other code. At the receiver, maximum likelihood detection of different symbol is achieved through decoupling of the signal transmit from different antenna rather than joint detection. In this paper multihop wireless relay consisting of source, relay and destination each equipped with two antennas have been taken into account using decode-and-forward cooperative protocol strategy in relay nodes. The simulation results support the effectiveness of the proposed scheme by offering better SER performance and increased spectral efficiency than other codes. KEYWORDS Cooperative communications, Golden code, Multihop relay networks, Decode-and-Forward protocol . INTRODUCTION In recent years, wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system using antenna arrays are fetching attention owing to their significantly higher system capacity [1],[2]. Cooperative communication is now a concerning topic ofShow MoreRelatedThe Performance Of Space Time Block Codes ( Stbc )1220 Words   |  5 Pagesï ¿ ¼Performance of Space Time Block Codes(STBC) Anuj Mehta School of Electrical Engineering Telecommunication, UNSW Sydney, Australia Z3488506@zmail.unsw.edu.au Abstract— In the following paper we are going to discuss the different coding techniques such as Orthogonal STBC , Alamouti’s coding and their performance on a QPSK signal with Rayleigh fading. We will plot it for SNR values ranging from 0dB to 40 dB. In this we will be taking different combination for number of transmitting and the radiatingRead MoreIntroduction Of The Antenna Systems4702 Words   |  19 PagesMULTIPLE OUTPUT (MIMO): Out of all the systems MIMO system is much better performance. Multiple-input  multiple-output  (MIMO) technology, which increase  channel capacities, is now being used in many commercial systems. MIMO system provides link range without a need of additional bandwidth or without any increase in transmit power and offers increases in throughput. Fig 1.1.4 : MIMO Out of all the systems MIMO system is much better performance. Multiple-input  multiple-output  (MIMO) technology, whichRead MoreA Study On Antenna Hopping1780 Words   |  8 Pagestechnology is developed for the new generation mobile cellular communication. The advantage of MIMO communication can be divided into three main categories: Spatial multiplexing for enhancing the data transmission rate, transmit diversity using space time coding for enhancing the robustness (E.g. bit error rate BER) of the transmission and beam forming for improving other users [5]. Because of the enormous capacity increase MIMO systems gained a lot of interest in mobile communication research. OneRead MoreLiterature Review Cooperative Communication3956 Words   |  16 PagesCOOPERATIVE COMMUNICATION Background We have introduced a new form of diversity for the concept of mobile communications system of cooperation. Cooperation by mobile phone users for each user is assigned. Cooperation can be considered as a new form of space diversity, antenna diversity in the transmission process, however, and other complications, Intermobiles noisy channels, each phone has sent a separate message. (W. Yu and T. Lan, 2007, pp. 2646–2660) According to A. Goldsmith (2005), wireless communicationsRead MoreReport On Cellular Systems And Computer Science10329 Words   |  42 Pages Multiple Access schemes for cellular system 5. Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) 6. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) 7. Single Carrier- Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) 8. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) 9. TDMA Frame 10. TDMA Evolution 11. Global System for Mobile (GSM) 12. GSM Network Architecture 13. Interim Standard-136 14. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) 15. TDD FDD Duplex SchemesRead MoreMeasuring Heart Rate With A Smartphone3604 Words   |  15 Pagesenvironment. In this project, we use our fingers covering smartphone camera, filtering and signal band -pass filter, and the detection signal to calculate the BPM ( beats per minute ) of the peak. We also need to eliminate noise and smooth results by MATLAB code. 2. INTRODUCTION Many people are beginning to use smart phones. This is because we can download it can achieve a lot of features into the phone application. For example, some applications make it possible to find it contains the GPS position of theRead MoreAutomatic Railway Gate Control9546 Words   |  39 PagesANITS, for providing us this wonderful opportunity to strengthen our skills in the area of our interest. CONTENTS TITLE PAGE NO 1. INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 2. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 3. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...9 3.1 Block diagram†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....9 3.2 Working†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 3.3 Power supply†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 3.4 Regulator†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..13 3.5 Power supply waveforms†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..........15 4. SYSTEM SPECIFICATION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦16 4.1Read MoreImprovement On Coexistence Of Lte Macro / Femtocell s Adaptive Interference Draining Using Rectangular Antenna s10053 Words   |  41 Pagesattained completed bright resource allocation schemes for small cells. In Heterogeneous Network, the mobile network is constructed with layers of small and large cells. This architecture is faced with the task of supply allocation (power, channel, time) for small cells in order to guarantee reliable and high quality service to both primary (macrocell) users as well as secondary (femtocell) users. In mobile network all users can be considered as nomadic, in the form of microcells, hot-spots, circulatedRead MoreComponents Based Software Engineering ( Cbse )5499 Words   |  22 Pagesdevelopment strategy arose.CBSE helps to deal with complexity by following a divide and conquer approach, modularising large softwares systems into smaller, reusable units called components. CBSE helps in decreasing the development cost of the syste ms, the time it takes to deliver to the customer, enhance the maintenance of the software and dependability on the system. Component-Based Software Engineering Process The Component-Based Software Engineering Process involves a) Recognition of candidate componentsRead MorePen-Style Personal Networking Gadget Package12728 Words   |  51 Pagesconcept uses five different pens to make a computer. One pen is a CPU, another camera, one creates a virtual keyboard, another projects the visual output and thus the display and another communicator (a phone). All five pens can rest in a holding block which recharges the batteries and holds the mass storage. Each pen communicates wireless, possibly Bluetooth.† A Pen-style Personal Networking Gadget Package It seems that information terminals are infinitely

The Music Industry Is Littered With Corruption - 1232 Words

Music has become a center piece of life; however it comes with a vigorous price unknown to most of the public. The music industry is littered with corruption. My proposed research problem focuses on the manipulation and control the music industry has upon its artists through an unescapable 360 deal, which in and of itself is not only reducing an artist to almost indentured servitude, but also cripples record labels themselves. The 360 deal is a common mandatory contract record labels utilize to financially support an artist. This includes advances and funds for promotion, touring, and marketing, all which the artist has to pay back to the label. I believe this problem is significant and warrants further research because the record labels are unconstitutionally taking away artists rights in favor of their own greed, in turn, leaving the artist without ownership of their own songs, money, and rights to royalties. Music has become such an important part of people’s lives today. One cannot walk down the street without seeing earbuds in a person’s ears or hearing the bass to a radio in someone’s car. But how did music become such an important and constant part of the lives of so many? What do artists have to go through to reach their audience? At the beginning of musical development from the medieval Georgian chant to the arias of Mozart and fugues of Beethoven, people could only listen to music in a live setting. This is how most performers would make their money. AccordingShow MoreRelatedIs The illuminati a Myth? or Does It Really Exist? Essay1720 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough it is claimed that the illuminati is just a myth, however, there are a number of signs that point to the existence of this organized body which aims to control world affairs through means such as music, media, economy, politics, and education. The illuminati was formed in the year 1776 by Adam Weishaupt (Carr X). It is a secret society and consists of a powerful group of people whose sole purpose is â€Å"to bring about a One World government to enable men with proven mental ability to governRead MorePop Princesses of Perversion Essay1033 Words   |  5 Pageslayers of clothing in order to attract a new breed of audience. Singing songs entitled quot;Oops I Did It Againquot; and quot;Im a Slave for Youquot;, her raunchy music videos are now being mimicked by thirteen year old girls across the world. Britney Spears and her disreputable counterparts are not the only ones guilty of the corruption of minors-- our entire society is to blame for cramming pedophilic messages down the throat of America. Yet another former sugar-pop princess corrupting the moralsRead MoreComment on How Changes in Macro and Market Environment Forces Impact on the Level of Competition in an Industry.18606 Words   |  75 Pagesï ¬ xing) to ï ¬ x the price of passenger fuel surcharges on transatlantic ï ¬â€šights;2 and glass manufacturers, Saint-Gobain, Pilkington, Asahi Glass and Soliver, were ï ¬ ned a total of over  £1000 million for illegally ï ¬ xing the price of glass used in the car industry.3 Such actions are having a real impact on ï ¬ rms’ behaviour, as Marketing in Action 3.1 explains. The success the European Commission has had in locating and punishing those ï ¬ rms that collude acts as a major deterrent through both the severity ofRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 Pagesthe freighter became iced in, Hughes read Samuel Butlers The Way of All Flesh, Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, and other classic novels. During this time, he wrote fift een poems, among them, My People, and Three Poems of Harlem, about jazz music, street women, and emotion-charged religion. In a poem entitled F.S. Hughes expresses sadness that a friend he loves has gone away. Inspired by a black piano player in a Harlem cabaret, Hughes wrote The Weary Blues. The musician rocked and swayedRead MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 PagesCase Teaching Notes The LEGO Group: Working with Strategy The Global Pharmaceutical Industry: Swallowing a Bitter Pill Vodafone: Developing a Total Communications Strategy in the UK Market European Tour Operators: Confronting Competition in the Tourism Industry Evolution and Revolution in the Hi-Fi Sector Amazon.com ï £ ©2007 - Early 2009 The Formula 1 Constructors Web Reservations International: Challenging Industry Norms Manchester United FC: Continuing Success but at What Cost? Hermes Fund ManagementRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesorganization growing and prospering, then failing (just as humans do), but occasionally resurging. Success rarely lasts forever, but even the most serious mistakes can be (but are not always) overcome. As in previous editions, a variety of firms, industries, mistakes, and successes are presented. You will be familiar with most of the organizations, although probably not with the details of their situations. We are always on the lookout for cases that can bring out certain points or caveats in the

Anti Discriminatory Practice Gender and sexism Free Essays

Anti discriminatory practice is about taking positive action to counter discrimination. It is about being pro active and presenting positive images of the diversity of people that make up our society and also challenging any discriminatory or oppressive language and behaviour. There are several kinds of discrimination, such as more commonly known, racism, disablism and ageism. We will write a custom essay sample on Anti Discriminatory Practice: Gender and sexism or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the things we do when meeting people is to make assumptions about them. This is partly based on how we see ourselves as similar or different to other people. We may respond to these similarities and differences positively or negatively. This booklet will be looking at gender inequality and how we can perhaps overcome and diverse the discrimination in sexism. SEXISM. The Sex Discrimination Act (SDA) is written in terms of discrimination against women but it applies equally to discrimination against men. These guidelines are written as if the discrimination applies to a woman but they should be read as also applying to a man. There are three types of discrimination which can apply to services. (Source from www. equalopportunitiescommission. o. uk). Direct sex discrimination Where a woman is treated less favourably than a man in similar circumstances because of her sex (s. 1 (1) (a) SDA). It is direct sex discrimination if: * financial institutions insist that a married woman who wants a loan must apply jointly with her husband (unless all married applicants are always required to apply jointly with their partners) Indirect sex discrimination Where a condition or requirement is applied equally to both women and men but, in fact, it adversely affects more women than men and is not genuinely necessary (s. 1 (1)(b) SDA). For example, it may be indirect sex discrimination if: * A mortgage provider only gives mortgages to people who work full-time. Although this condition would apply to both sexes it is likely to adversely affect more women than men since more women work part-time. Many part-time workers are in permanent, secure, well-paid jobs and some can earn more than full-timers, so a refusal to give mortgages or loans solely because the applicant works part-time is unreasonable. Victimisation Where a person has been treated less favourably compared to others because he/she made a complaint of sex discrimination. It also applies to those who assist the person. For example: A woman who took a sex discrimination claim under the employment provisions of the SDA against an amusement arcade was banned from using the facilities of the arcade. Witnesses who appeared for her at the employment tribunal were also banned. The woman and the witnesses would have a claim of victimisation against the owners of the arcade. (www. equalopportunitiescommission. co. uk) GENDER INEQUALITY. Sexism is a set of beliefs, practices and institutional structures which reinforces and is reinforced by patriarchy. A longstanding definition of sexism is: a deep rooted, often unconscious system of beliefs, attitudes and institutions in which distinctions between peoples intrinsic worth are made on the grounds of their sex and sexual roles (in Bullock and Stallybrass, 1977, p. 571). *†The achievement of equality between men and women is a matter of human rights and a condition of social justice†. Fourth UN World Conference on Women, Beijing, September 1995 (Department of Education and Employment, 1995). Sexism operates within a system of patriarchy. Patriarchy is one of the structural dimensions of society which is strongly associated with the sexist culture. This demeans and disempowers women and sows the seeds for the prejudice of women in terms of both attitudes and behaviour. Weber (1947) had used this concept to describe sexism. He used the term â€Å"the law of the father† to refer to the dominance of men within the family. The use of this term however, has been extended to describe the dominance of the males within the employment area and its reflection in the distribution of power. For example in the military forces, technology, universities, science, political and even religious sectors. (Such as the pope is and has always been male). So therefore, this suggests male dominance in most areas. Richard Webb and David Tossell (1999) report the following statements; *Women are an oppressed majority. *They represent up to 51% of the UK population, yet they do not have the same rights as men nor do they have the same access to resources as men do. * Women are less likely to obtain the same sort of jobs as men or positions of power. They earn less then men and are a lot more vulnerable to employment. They tend to be in less prestigious jobs and less secure forms of employment. This is mainly due to the discrimination that women are seen as the main â€Å"carer† role of the genders, being seen as the mother and the role to be the homemaker rather than the breadwinner, which is stereotypically seen as the male role. However, the biological differences within the roles are as such, that men are not able to conceive or give birth to children. Women, however do have that capability in being able to give birth and breast feed children. Barrett and McIntosh have argued that the family is oppressive to women and that it is an anti social institution. (Barrett and McIntosh 1982). They argue that the nuclear family promotes individualistic rather than social or collective values, and its privatised nature excludes those outside of it. *Women do more housework than men. The discriminatory process is known as structural sexism. This begins at birth and is maintained through childhood. Stereotypical roles are played within the family. While society is constantly changing and the attitudes towards equality are constantly being changed the ground in attitudes and beliefs are so firmly rooted the change is only very gradual. The gender role stereotyping in families are still abundant. For example, the mother stays at home to nurture the children whilst the father is out at work providing for the family. The girls tend to follow the role of the mother helping in household chores, such as cleaning and cooking, whilst the boys tend to follow the fathers role in helping fix the car or watching football! These social roles are defined within society, but because of the nature/nurture debate, they do appear to be biological differences and are therefore accepted and appreciated more easily. It is not just a matter of differences within the sexes. Abercrombie et al. 2000) argues that issues of gender (and gender inequality) now occupy a central place in sociological discussion. He quotes: â€Å"Gender is the social aspect of the differentiation of the sexes. Sociological discussion in this area recognises that social rather than biological processes are the key to understanding the position of women (and men) in society. Notions that a woman’s biology, such as her capacity to bear children, determined the shape of her life have been replaced by complex debates as to how different social processes interact to produce a great variety of patterns of gender relations. Emphasis shifted towards understanding the diversity of the social practices which constitute gender in different nations, classes and generations. (p. 193). This statement clarifies that there are inevitable differences between the sexes. The roles that societies define are not going to change dramatically because of this huge, yet inconceivably big difference of males and females. Although the roles of women in society are changing in the aspects of work and relationships, the biological aspects of women are always going to remain the same. GENDER STEREOTYPING IN YOUTH GROUPS. The Brownie and Girl Guide Movement was set up as a youth group for girls. Originally, they were named the Rosebuds. The idea behind it was that the girls were fed up that the boys were allowed to have their own group, (the Boy Scouts) and the girls were left out of all the fun. The Rosebuds originally had to do menial feminine tasks, such as cooking, cleaning and sewing for the Scouts. Eventually the girls were not happy with the name Rosebuds and had the name changed to the Girl Guide Movement. The name Rosebuds in itself suggests the sexist views of women and girls, as the name is very feminine. The original tasks the girls had to do were based around helping the Boy Scouts, which also suggests the sexist way in which society viewed girls and women. The ideas and values which were instilled into the girls was that they were the homemakers. The Girl Guides had to make sure they always had their uniform clean and always came â€Å"prepared†. This still is a big motto within the movement. Years ago â€Å"being prepared† meant having certain items in your purse which included a safety pin and small sewing kit. This was not something the Boy Scouts had to do. The earning of badges is encouraged in the Movement as a way of setting up your independence for the future. However, the contrast in the types of tasks involved in the badges between the males and females are still quite divided. There are more homemaking badges within the girl guides, such as textiles, homemaking, which is the cleaning and organising of your home/bedroom for some weeks, childcare badge, tea badge, which involves the preparing of cakes, biscuits and tea for a fundraising event. These are still the most popular badges which are given out to the girl Guides. This is because the values and ideas within the movement have still not changed a huge deal from being the homemaker as they are females. The Movement now as it stands has changed immensely. The Girl Guide movement now encourages independence and camping as the Boy Scouts have been doing for many years. As a voluntary Youth Group the Girl Guide Movement empowers the girls to lead independent lives, encourages social relationships with both sexes, shows positive regard for each young person and provides opportunity for personal growth. This is quite a contrast from the once quite feminine ideas, role forming and principles which were once held. ANTI DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICE The way in which this is done is through a number of different policies that the youth leaders have all adhered to within the movement. The following are some suggested guidelines that could be given in order for the Youth group to be effectively run in a way that there may be less discrimination in the group. 1. Respecting individuality. 2. Trusting people 3. Encouraging good interpersonal and communication skills 4. Promoting positive social relationships 5. Young girls being involved in decision making 6. Providing a range of group work and social activities, including community involvement and more involvement within the Scouting activities. 7. The use of youth’s meetings to enable people to have an opportunity to influence and assist with planning, especially the young females, who have been previously excluded from or uninvolved in other activities. 8. Principles of inclusion independence and enablement are key issues. Alongside these principles, a staff team that is working together, receiving supervision opportunities for learning and development, is required. Also to understand the need to work collaboratively by supporting multi professional and agency working. I feel that these policies are very important in all work. However with the involvement of young girls and women, it is important not to categorise their roles into somewhat of a homemaker role. To allow the girls to develop and flourish their own ideas and principles within the group they are involved and to develop these attitudes within their home environment is a positive way of diversing the discrimination females have within society. How to cite Anti Discriminatory Practice: Gender and sexism, Papers

Deafness and Fury free essay sample

If I were in their position I wouldnt know what to do, I think I would take into consideration all benefits and dangers of getting the implant before making a decision. Before I took this ASL class I didnt know anything about deaf culture. When you explained the difference between Deaf and deaf I realized that not every deaf person are alike. For instance, Heathers parents were both Deaf and they were very proud of who they were. They were both actively involved with their Deaf friends and family, and they felt most comfortable being around their â€Å"own kind†. Although Peter was very comfortable in his own skin, I felt like he was very close minded when it came to talking about the possibilities of Heather getting and implant. Even when they visited the family with the young girl that had the implant, he was very closed to the idea that one day her daughter could have the opportunity to be able to hear what goes around in the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Deafness and Fury or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Peter and Nita were very surprised and somewhat disappointed when Heather told them she wanted to get the Cochlear implant because she really wanted to hear. Peter rejected the idea but I feel Mariche 2 that Nita was a little more open to it because she secretly wanted to somewhat be part of the hearing world. She also stated that she was open to the idea of the implant because she didnt want her daughter to go through all the tribulations that she went through when she was young. It also seemed that both Nita and Peter were rejecting the Cochlear, because they were afraid Heather would become too involved in the hearing world, that she would forget all about the deaf culture. There was a particular scene where Nita asks Heather if she still wanted the implant, and Heather ends up telling her that she didnt want the implant because her parents said she couldnt have one. I feel like it was wrong that the parents didnt let their daughter get the implant without really giving it thought,but they are proud of who they are so in the end it didnt matter. My opinion is that is was wrong of them to reject the Cochlear without letting the little girl make the decision for herself. Even though Heather was a little girl, it seemed to me that she really wanted to hear and the implant could of offer her many great opportunities. The movie also showed me that there are many things that separate the deaf world from the hearing world. One of the things that struck me the most is that in reality, many hearing individuals tend to feel â€Å"sorry† for deaf individuals, because they see deafness as a disability. For example, the couple with the twins expressed that they were devastated when they were informed that one of their twins was deaf. Even though deafness ran in their family they were still heartbroken because they saw the baby as disabled. Although I felt disappointed that they took their child’s deafness as a bad thing, they did point out some very interesting and somewhat truthful things. For example, being deaf in the hearing world can shut many doors for these individuals. Deaf people are often discriminated, misunderstood, and shut out of the hearing world. Although it is true that deaf individuals face many obstacles in their lives, Peter (and many others) showed us that a deaf person can be just as successful and any hearing person. When I was a waitress at a very popular restaurant, I remember that one of my regular clients Mariche 3 was a deaf man. He was very friendly and although I had a very hard time communicating with him, he was always patient and willing to try his best to communicate with me. When people saw that he was deaf and that his speech was very limited, many laughed and made really stupid and ignorant comments. To our surprise it turned out that he was a very successful businessman, so in reality he was definitely not a â€Å"handicap†. I definitely understand why the couple in the movie considered getting the Cochlear Implant for their child. I also have a 5 year old niece who is deaf, and although we have a really hard time communicating with her it seems to me that she actually likes the way she is. I think at her young age she embraces her deafness. Everyone is different and like in this movie everyone has to do what is best for THEIR family and what they felt most comfortable with. In conclusion, the movie gave us different perspectives of both the hearing world and deaf culture. One family showed us how proud they were of being deaf, and they refused to let their child get a hearing implant because they thought she would loose touch with deaf culture. The other family showed us that they saw deafness as a disability. They decided to let their child get the implant because they felt it was the best thing to do for him and his future. Although being deaf can bring many obstacles, families ultimately have to decide what ever is best for their lives.

Australia Macroeconomy Policies 2009

Australia Macroeconomy Policies 2009 Free Online Research Papers Australian governments over precedent decades have conventionally aimed towards including triangular objectives of financial growth, domestic poise, and external poise within framework of single economy. (DORNBUSCH, Rudiger, 2006) Collectively, these trio set of objectives aim towards sustaining nationalized financial growth while retaining inferior inflation as well as limiting the mass of overseas debts and liabilities. Several researches conducted in concerned field have revealed that there is no consistency in level of economic growth though; it is influenced greatly by fluctuations of international business cycle. (DORNBUSCH, Rudiger, 2006) A governmental macroeconomic management is referred as an attempt to minimize the impact of international business fluctuations by controlling demand to facilitate sustained growth together with inferior inflation and unemployment. (BLINDER, Alan S., 2008) The macroeconomic policies, owing to influenced-by-demand nature, cannot be exercised exclusively and thus, are utilized in combination with supply side swaying microeconomic reforms. (BERNANKE, Ben, 2007) Conventionally, the fiscal policies are frequently implemented by Australian government to enhance domestic savings and to control government public debt in order to maintain adequate levels of external aspects and stability together with providing openings for economic growth. (BERNANKE, Ben, 2007) This paper hereby emphasizes on exhibiting current macroeconomic policy settings currently being applied in Australia in addition with suitable policies in the context of expectations regarding economic growth, unemployment, inflation and trade over the next year. 2. Macroeconomic Policies In influencing demand with and economy, the government uses the two instruments of fiscal and monetary policy. 2.1 Fiscal Policies â€Å"Fiscal policy† is the utilization of governmental expenditures together with taxation to sway the financial system of country. (SUESCÚN, Rodrigo, 2007) Usually governments execute fiscal policies to endorse sturdy and sustainable economic growth and diminish poverty. The function and aims of fiscal policy have achieved eminence in contemporary crisis as governments have intervened in markets to shore up economy, augment growth, and alleviate the impact of global financial crisis on susceptible groups. Governments unswervingly and obliquely sway the way possessions are utilized in an economy. (SUESCÚN, Rodrigo, 2007) Given below is a fundamental equation that demonstrates the way in which national income accounting works: â€Å"GDP = C + I + G + NX† In above equation GDP denotes gross domestic product i.e. the value of all final merchandise and services produced in economy. Whereas, C, I, G, NX denotes private consumption, private investment, procurement of goods and services by governmental agencies and net exports during a fiscal year i.e. amount of exports minus imports, respectively. (BARTOLOTTI, Leo N., 2006) The above equation contributes towards development of understanding that governments surely affects GDP by unswervingly controlling G and influences C, I and NX indirectly via modifications in taxes, transfers and expenditures. (BARTOLOTTI, Leo N., 2006) To attain short term goals, government’s centers their attention on macroeconomic steadiness for instance, motivating an ill economy, struggling with mounting inflation, or aiding to decrease external susceptibility on the other hand, to attain long term goals, the main intention is to cultivate sustainable intensification or decrease poverty with measures on the supply-side to progress infrastructure or edification. (BLINDER, Alan S., 2008) Though, these goals are generally common across nations, but their relative significance diverges depends on circumstances of a nation. (BARTOLOTTI, Leo N., 2006) In case of Australia, its current financial position is stabilized by both, internationally as well as historically. Via implementing correct fiscal policies Australian government had gained success in writing off its net debt and has continued its voyage towards strengthening the country’s balance sheet by issuing budget surpluses and gathered fiscal assets to future funds. According to â€Å"intergenerational report† issued in year 2007 by Australian treasury demonstrates that in long term, the intergenerational financial pressures pose unremitting challenges to be faced by governmental finances. (www.treasury.gov.au) The reports also projects that by the fiscal year 2046-47, the governmental expenditure is assumed to exceed income by approximately 3.5 % of GDP. Owing to these assumptions by Australian treasury, the government has commenced strengthening its balance sheet by generating assets in future funds to counterbalance the liabilities owed to former as well as current public sector employees. (www.treasury.gov.au) Source: Australian treasury projections 2.2 Monetary Policies In accordance with the provisions made by legislation of â€Å"Australia’s Reserve Bank Act†, the main goals of Australia central bank is to maintain the stabilization of national currency, economical prosperity, wellbeing of citizens and implementation of essential measures to avert joblessness. (KENYON, Peter D., 1995) The provisions made in above said act makes necessary for RBA to present a report annually to treasury department and to parliament, through which it gets public. (KENYON, Peter D., 1995) As per the statement issued by RBA on monetary policy in Feb, 2008, it is revealed that the despite of tremendous slowdown in worldwide financial markets, Australian economic condition all through out in recent years had demonstrated great results in addition with elevated levels of inflation owing to the constant domestic demand. (www.rba.gov.au) Together with utilization of fiscal policies, monetary policy also comprises measures implanted by RBA to manipulate the cost availability of liquidity and credit with in Australian economy. In order to achieve internal balance RBA sways the level of interest rates using nationalized market operations like selling and procuring of governmental bonds, rectifying scarcity or excess of funds in short term liquidity market. (www.rba.gov.au) The report further states that the fiscal accounts of Australia in preceding year had exhibited economic growth of four percent over year with raise in nationalized demand by five and a half percent which is undoubtedly more than trend growth within economy’s yielding capacity. (www.rba.gov.au) Due to the counter balancing approach of RBA, there has been augmented growth in consumer growth which is being driven by the intensification of household incomes which further demonstrates the elevating levels of employment and actual wages together with decreasing income taxes. (PUBLISHING OECD PUBLISHING, 2008) According to economic indicators, it is revealed that this raising trend of nationalized demand had sustained its pace till quarter ended in December; however the speed of production growth had moderately slowed down as most of consumer demands were met by imports. In the midst of consumer demand still mounting robustly post elongated duration of development, there have been unrelenting signals that industrious capability is over lengthened backed up by a number of commercial surveys that indicates both elevated rates of industrious capability consumption and soaring levels of labor insufficiency. (OECD, 2009) Over the route of the trade cycle, it is anticipated that Reserve Bank of Australia, in the coming future will emphasize on tightening and loosening of monetary policy to prevent inflation dropping over its tow to three percent approximate target range. (www.rba.gov.au) However, according to researches conducted in concerned field by economists demonstrates that to maintain economic stabilization, the Reserve Bank of Australia should manipulate the rate of exchange devoid of modifying current stance of monetary policy. (www.rba.gov.au) This ought to be achieved via procurement and selling of bonds equal to amount of Australian dollar traded over time to maintain liquidity stabilization. (www.rba.gov.au) 3. Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on Inflation, Unemployment, Commercial Expenditure and Economic Growth Australian macroeconomic policies had witnessed a great accomplishment in maintaining the growth of inflation within its pre-specified goals, with the existing rate of price rises, as deliberates through the â€Å"CPI,† at 2.6%, i.e. inside the set range of Reserve Bank of Australia. (VINEY, Christopher, 2009) The RBA’s preventative approach towards aiming monetary policy to hoist the liquidity rate from 3.00 % to 3.25 % would make certain that inflation would not drop more than its target range. (VINEY, Christopher, 2009) Source: Australian treasury projections With regard to unemployment, the sluggish rate of economic growth of early 90’s mid 90’s leaded to high rate of joblessness in country i.e. on an average of 8.5 % though, via implementation of current macroeconomic policies the economic growth of Australia began to gain its lost pace in fiscal year 1998-99 (VINEY, Christopher, 2009) and since then, the rate of unemployment in country had dropped down to the current level of 5.8 % which is at its lowest in past thirty three years. (VINEY, Christopher, 2009) Even though, triumphant macroeconomic policies substantially decrease recurring unemployment, these policies are observed to slightly effect structural side of unemployment thus, consequences in supply-side micro reforms. Nationally, the economy had continued to demonstrate extensive flexibility in the countenance of what has been a very complex global environment. (www.rba.gov.au) The Dec and Mar quarter GDP data, in combination with other data signals on economy, implies that industrious output constricted only discreetly around the ending of last fiscal year, evaluated with retrenchments experienced in most of the other nations. 4. Conclusion It is evident that the macroeconomic policies exercised by Australian central bank as well as government had proved to be victorious in limiting negative influences of demand, but on other hand, these policies are also recorded to have petite impact on the infrastructural issues of Australia. (HART, Jeffrey A., 2009) Due to the state of recession in global markets, the results anticipated in 2008 statement of Reserve bank of Australia were not met but the current monetary and fiscal policies has managed to achieve some of it. (OECD, 2009) Several economists had indicated that as policies post implementation takes at least six to eighteen months to be fully effective to feed through end user and commercial behavior, the current steps taken by RBA will strengthens the business investments, end user spending and will boost the employment rate in country. (www.treasury.gov.au) The present lack of apprehension over the CAD at the moment efficiently eradicates the â€Å"Barrier† to economy growth, facilitating elevated rates of expansion more than rate of 3.75% 4%, placing Australia on the right track toward maximizing economic sustainability. (www.rba.gov.au) This paper hereby had present knowledge on key fiscal as well as monetary policies exercised by Australian central bank to attain a stable and unremittingly improving economy. 5. Bibliography BARTOLOTTI, Leo N. 2006. Inflation, fiscal policy and central banks. Nova Publishers. BERNANKE, Ben. 2007. Principles of macroeconomics. McGraw-Hill/Irwin. BLINDER, Alan S. 2008. Macroeconomics: Principles and Policy. Cengage Learning. DORNBUSCH, Rudiger. 2006. Macroeconomics. McGraw-Hill Australia. HART, Jeffrey A. 2009. The Politics of International Economic Relations. Cengage Learning. KENYON, Peter D. 1995. Monetary policy in Australia: an introduction. Dept. of Economics Murdoch University. OECD. 2009. Economic Policy Reforms: Going for Growth 2009. OECD Publishing. PUBLISHING OECD PUBLISHING. 2008. OECD Economic Surveys: Australia 2008, Issue 18. OECD Publishing. SUESCÚN, Rodrigo. 2007. â€Å"Fiscal policy, stabilization, and growth: prudence or abstinence?† World Bank Publications. VINEY, Christopher. 2009. Mcgraths financial institutions, instruments and markets. McGraw-Hill Australia. www.rba.gov.au. [online]. www.treasury.gov.au. [online]. Research Papers on Australia Macroeconomy Policies 2009PETSTEL analysis of IndiaDefinition of Export QuotasTwilight of the UAWInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2The Effects of Illegal ImmigrationThe Project Managment Office SystemNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceOpen Architechture a white paper

Essay Analysis of George Orwells A Hanging

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Vietnam Banking Industry: Customer Satisfaction Analysis It can be said that Vietnam is on the way of dramatic development and integration in global economic. Since Vietnam has officially become a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), besides the advantages and opportunities, there have been still many challenges that Vietnam has to overcome. In recent years, Vietnameses banks have achieved many important achievements in innovation have grown larger and stronger than previous time. However, compared to the world, Vietnam banking industry is still small, modest, and inadequate. Undoubtedly, compared to 10 years ago, Vietnam banking industry has really been a remarkable growth. Firstly, banking system has mobilized and provided a large amount of capital to the economy, estimated about 16-18% of annual GDP (Vietnam Head Department Statistic 2008), nearly 50% of social capital. 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The indirect operating tools that manage monetary policies have been formed and developed. Interest rate policy and exchange rate flexibility have been adopted by the market mechanism. Credit policies have been expanded and made innovation in the direction of fairness and equality for all economic sectors, business, and all residents. 1.2 Customer satisfaction management in Vietnam Banking Industry Competitive trends in quality of banking product and services on financial and monetary markets increasingly urged Vietnameses banks to renew and continue to have effective customer policies and strategies in order to compete fairly with foreign banks. Thus, Vietnameses banks have ability to overcome the challenges that have been forecasted to be very fierce in coming time. Customer satisfaction management can be considered as an important point in cultural enterprise and cultural care, implementation of banks strategies towards customers in the context of globalization. Undoubtedly, currently when the difference in quality, design of banking services as well as the competitiveness of the products itself is no longer critical among banks, the determined factor is the quality of customer service. Aware of the important of increase customer satisfaction, Vietnameses banks have established customer satisfaction management in order to evaluate customer satisfaction on their products and services. Therefore, banks can improve their operations as well as consolidate their images in customers eyes, and banks can increase sales, market share, and position in the market. 2. Bank management studies on BIDV, Hochiminh City branch (HCMC) 2.1 Performance of BIDV, HCMC branch Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam has a short name is BIDV, was established under the Conference No.177/TTg dated on 26/04/1957 of Prime Minister of Socialist Republic of Vietnam. HCMC branch which is one of the largest scale branches in BIDV system, has estimated assets VND 10,000 billion (BIDV annual reports). HCMC branch has high business performance with ROA ratio always above 1%. There are 313 staffs classified into 4 blocks these are credit, customer services, block of units, and internal management. Founded in 1977, HCMC branch is always pioneer branch and dynamic in BIDV system in development new products and services based on applying modern technology and customer-oriented. Recently, BIDV HCMC branch has been successful in the role of focal bank in arrangement of syndicated loans, co-financed investor in large scale projects. HCMC branchs activities in recent years have been customer-oriented, creating the best conditions for customers to access and use bankin g services more effectively. BIDV is one of four state-owned commercial banks so it is quite easy to understand why customers have high level of trust for bank. Based on the result of survey and research done recently to measure customer satisfaction, reveal that generally bank has been successful in bringing satisfaction to customers through the provision of products and services. The level of customer satisfaction varies from agree to fully agree. The measurement of customer satisfaction is based on the quality of services, number of products and services, and the continuity of using the services. The quality of services brings satisfaction to customers, they use the most services provide to them and they seem to be happier to use more BIDVs services. This result confirms the criteria activities cooperate and succeed that BIDV has done for years. Thus, the bank has been successful in bringing satisfaction to customers through the provision of products and services. However, this is also pressure for the bank f or better improvement what they have achieved. Therefore, the bank should promote further efforts to preserve and bring the highest satisfaction to customers. 2.2 Purpose of the study Nowadays, in the competitive environment, customers are crucial survival of the bank. The banks which are paid attention, interest as well as loyalty of customers, will capture market shares and develop faster. Business strategic direction to customers is becoming the most important strategies of banks. How to give customers the best satisfaction is always the problem that banks try their best to fulfill. Therefore, research customer satisfaction in the bank is an important work that has to be done regularly and continuously in order to meet their needs. Since then, they can serve customers better and make customers always be satisfied when using banks products and services. This study is not out of this purpose which aims to enhance customer satisfactions for BIDV as well as increase the quality of products and services supplied by BIDV. 2.3 Significant of the study The study presents the evaluation of customer satisfactions on products and services provided by BIDV HCMC branch. Thus, bank has a comprehensive glance on the products and services they are supplying to customers. Bank should focuses on business development strategies as well as the quality of products and services. Obviously, if the service quality does not meet customers demand, the customers will no longer to use it. From the evaluation of customer satisfactions, bank can realize clearly their strengths and weaknesses. From there, they continue to promote strengths and overcome weaknesses in order to improve the quality of services, increase customer satisfaction. 2.4 Limitation of the study The study has a positive contribution to the bank in understanding customers and identifying their position in the market, however the study still has some certain limitations as follows: The study focuses on group business customers therefore it cannot be the overview of the entire customers transactions in BIDV HCMC branch. The study only considers about the time used and the number of banks transactions, it does not find out all customer satisfaction in the connection with trading enterprises, financial potential and cultural factors. The study only focuses on evaluation of customer satisfaction of HCMC branchs services so it cannot assess on customers in the city and other locations as well as potential customers who are not using banking services. Based on these findings, this study can be improved with variety customer group, larger number of samples, wider research scale. 3. Model relevant to study 3.1 Introduction of Servqual model Managers in banking industry are under increasing pressure to demonstrate that their services are customer focused and that continuous performance improvement is being delivered. Given the financial and resources constrains under which banks must manage it is essential that customer satisfaction are properly met and measured and that from the customer satisfactions, any gaps in services quality are indentified. This information the assists a manager in identified cost effective ways of closing services quality gaps and of prioritizing which gaps to focus on a critical decision given scare resources. This study involves the use of Servqual model (Parasuraman, 1988) which is a popular model of quality research of services and the most common application in the marketing research. According to Parasuraman, the quality of services cannot be determined vaguely but it depends on sense of belonging to customers for such services and this perception is considered by many factors. Servqual model is built based on the evaluation of quality of services, which is the comparison between the expected value, expectation, and the value customers perceived. Servqual model considers two main aspects of services quality as a result services and the process of services which are studied through 5 criteria reliability, responsiveness, tangibles, assurance, and the empathy. Figure 3.1 SERVQUAL MODEL Reliability Responsiveness Customer satisfaction Services quality Tangibles Assurance Sympathy Sources: International Journal of Business and Management 3.2 Elements of Servqual Model 3.2.1 Reliability Reliability shows the ability to provide services accurately, on time, and credibly. This requires consistency in the implementation of services and respects commitments as well as keeps promises to customers. In the banking sector, this criterion is measured by customers through the following elements. The bank performs the services right from the first time. Banking services are implemented at the time they promise. Banking transactions are done correctly. Banks staffs are always ready to serve customers. There are always banks counselors at the table to help the customers. Banks statements are submitted regularly and promptly. 3.2.2 Responsiveness This criterion measures the ability to solve the problem fast, deal with customers complaint effectively and the willing to help customers as well as meet the customers requirements. In other words, responsiveness is the feedback from banks to what customers want. Banks staffs are available to assist customers. Bank provides services rapid, on time. Bank responses positively to customers requirements. Banks hotline for customer services is 24/24. Bank tries to solve problems for customers. 3.2.3 Tangibles Tangibles are the images of the facilities, equipment, machines, attitude of staffs, materials, manuals, and information systems of the bank. General speaking, anything that customers can see by eyes and feel by senses can impact on tangible. The bank has adequate facilities. Bank has modern equipment and machinery. Banks staffs look professional and dressed. Bank arranges the transaction counters, tables, and shelves scientifically and conveniently for customers. 3.2.4 Assurance This element creates credibility and trust for customers, which is considered through professional services, excellent technical knowledge, attitude courtesy, and good communication skills, so that customers can believe in the quality of banks services. Banks staffs serve customers politely, and courteously. Transaction documents are clear and understandable. Banks staffs always provide necessary services information for customers. Banks staffs answer customers questions clearly and accurately. 3.2.5. Sympathy Sympathy is the caring, consideration, and the best preparation for customers, so that they can feel as guests of the bank and are always welcome at any times, anywhere. Human factors are the core of this success and the more caring the bank gives to customers, the more customer understanding increases. The sympathy of banks staffs for their customers are expressed as follows: Banks staffs notices the needs of each customer. Customers do not have to queue for a long time to be served. The bank has convenience location for customers to have transactions. Banks ATM systems are modern and ease to use. Banks staffs treat customers kindly. 3.3 Summary and limitation of previous research and findings Through journals I have examined, research issues about customer satisfaction can be classified into 3 main categories including factors influence on customer satisfaction, the measurement of customer satisfaction, and the impact of customer satisfaction on business 3.3.1 Research about factors influence on customer satisfaction The research investigates the relationship between services quality, overall customer satisfaction, and behavioral intention across public and banks. The findings indicate that services quality is significant determinant of customer satisfaction in banking industry (Monica Bedi, 2010; M.Jun and S.Cai, 2010). However, different dimensions of services quality were found to be statistical significant across public and banks. The study helps banks to redefine their corporate image to one that is customer-oriented and driven by service quality. Research limitation concern the potential for the data inaccuracies due to item misinterpretation or predisposition to certain responses on the part of the participant does exist (Bedi, 2010). Similarly, the sampled data is one limitation which was collected from one organization (M.Jun and S.Cai 2010). Although, the purchasing department serves a wide range of internal customers and is involved in various purchasing activities, the dataset is limited by the potential lack of generalisability. 3.3.2 Research about the measurement of customer satisfaction The research provides method to measure customer satisfaction based on assessing customer perception of services quality in services and retailing organization. One of the most popular model is Servqual (Parasuraman, 1988) is based on the perception gap between the received quality and the expected services quality, and has been adopted for explaining consumer perception of services quality. In addition, the availability of customer satisfaction data from national indices has also facilitated the examination of the factors associated with aggregate level customer satisfaction (M.Ogikubo et al, 2009). Besides, the research points out the limitation of the Servqual is that the evaluation of services quality evaluated based on the expectation performance gap derived from Parasuraman 1988 is insufficient because much of the empirical research supported performance based measures of services quality (K.Ravichandran, 2010). 3.3.3 Research about the impact of customer satisfaction on business The research presents that customer satisfaction has an important impact on business which is determined factor in customer loyalty as well as customer retention (Harkiranpal S., 2006). Moreover, the research provides an examination of satisfaction-retention relationship, and the development of more comprehensive view of the customers quality perception (Hennig Thurau and Klee, 1997). Customer satisfaction positively affects an organizations profitability. Satisfied customers form the foundation of any successful business as customer satisfaction leads to repeat purchase, brand loyalty as well as positive word of mouth (Hoyer and MacInnis, 2001). 4. Methodology for study 4.1 Research design These terms quantitative and qualitative are used widely to differentiate both data collection techniques and data analysis procedures. Quantitative is predominantly used as a synonym for any data collection techniques or data analysis procedures that generates or uses numerical data. In contrast, qualitative is used predominantly as a synonym for any data collection techniques or data analysis procedures that generates or uses non numerical data. Three types of quantitative studies these include experimental approach, cross-sectional designs, and survey method. Because of limited time to complete collecting primary data, survey is an optimal method to collect research information. When using survey will give more control over the research process and sampling is used it is possible to generate findings that are representative of the whole population at a lower cost than collecting the data for the whole population. 4.2 Data collection Data can be obtained from primary or secondary sources. Data can be collected in a variety of ways, in different settings and from different sources. Data collection methods include interviews, questionnaires, observation, and variety of other motivational techniques. Questionnaire is the best way to collect the data about customer satisfaction because making an appointment for personal interviews or telephone interviews is difficult, even though impossible. Beside the personal information and customer characteristic (open questions), questionnaire is designed including 33 properties (closed questions) that build up the characteristic of banking services. It is presented on scale from 1 to 7 points (from lowest satisfaction to highest satisfaction about the components of banking service). It will help quantify the opinion of customers who were invested and use the questionnaire to verify and analyze the multivariable date in the valuable the satisfaction of customers later. The custo mers are also suggested to evaluate their own overall satisfaction in last question by giving the scores. 4.3 Data analysis After collecting all the data, the process of analysis begins. To summarize and rearrange the data, several interrelated procedure are performed during the data analysis stage. For quantitative data analysis, statistical tools of Microsoft excel and analytical software SPSS are used for data input and analysis. The statistic results were presented by graphical form with detail description. 5. Conclusion Customer satisfaction is not only vital factor but also the target that all banks want to achieve. Along with the increasingly strong competitiveness in banking industry, learning about customer needs as well as the factors affecting customer satisfaction has become essential. Therefore, this study is useful in proposed policies, development strategies of banks. In the service sector in general and banking sector in particular, the role of the meeting customer needs has an important implication that derives from the interaction between banks and customers as well as the positive impact that banks have. More specifically, if banks bring their customers the high customer satisfaction, customers will continue to use their services, support new banks products or services, introduce the bank to other partners, and become loyal customers. From there, they are contributing to increase sales, market share, and position in the market that are the targets any bank wants to achieve. This study researches customer satisfaction with the products and services that banks provide to customers. This thesis is presented through the survey of customer satisfaction. Survey results are reliable input source to marketing strategies and opportunities to help banks better understand customer needs, customers evaluation of quality of banks services. Therefore, banks can improve their operations and enhance customer satisfaction more effectively.

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"Supermax" is short for "super-maximum security." It is a place designed to house violent prisoners or prisoners who might threaten the security of the guards or other prisoners. Some prisons that are not designed as supermax prisons have "control units" in which conditions are similar. The theory is that solitary confinement and sensory deprivation will bring about behavior modifications.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In general, Supermax prisoners are locked into small cells for approximately 23 hours a day. They have almost no contact with other human beings. There are no group activities: no work, no educational opportunities, no eating together, no sports, no getting together with other people for religious services, and no attempts at rehabilitation. There are no contact visits: prisoners sit behind a plexi glass window. Phone calls and visitation privileges are strictly limited. Books and magazines may be denied and pens are also restricted for the fact that it could be turned into a weapon. TV and radios may be prohibited or, if allowed, they would be controlled by guards.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Prisoners have little or no personal privacy. Guards monitor the inmates' movements by video cameras. Communication between prisoners and control booth officers is mostly through the vents. An officer at a control center may be able to monitor cells and corridors and control all doors electronically.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Typically, the cells have no windows. Lights are controlled by guards who may leave them on night and day. Fo...

Book Review on Platoon Leader: A Memoir of Command in Combat

James R. McDonough once stated that his story is not a comprehensive documentation of the Vietnam War, but a mere account of an American platoon leader in battle. Lt. McDonough had, for a year after West Point, been situated in specialized training bases to be part of an airborne brigade. And as he was readily equipped, he was brought to the Strategic Hamlet Program – formed by the US armed forces in the 1960s to weaken the Viet Cong through civilian control, which, failed in the 1970s. Nevertheless, the US armed forces have not dissolved this program yet. 2nd Lieutenant McDonough found himself commanding a platoon led by a non-commissioned officer. Everyone was in low morale and inefficient as the lieutenant McDonough was replacing refused to wage war – all the time keeping the platoon from being harmed. Setting his goals straight, McDonough looked forward to gain the loyalty of his platoon, as well as, completing the mission with minimal or no casualties on their part. Mc Donough journeyed through a difficult period of founding leadership. He practiced careful observation and frequent combats with the enemy to lay out plans that would ensure an accomplished mission. An air of loneliness have also been created throughout the whole story as platoon men shared their piece of sufferings, fears and yearnings both in their military and personal lives. The novel provided a realistic point of view to both sides of the war – good and bad, the thoughts that prevail to each character in the story and the choices each one of them has to make in the line of duty (Hopkins). The three things this memoir might embed in the reader’s mind might include: Doing the right thing – in the right time and with the right reasons; There is a given responsibility each soldier has to his fellow comrades – it is to protect them at all costs; and Tiny mischiefs might ignite large conflicts – this should teach vigilance in discipline (Jacobs). These are just three of three of the important points presented in this memoir. But, among the most significant to note is leadership. He has set goals for a demoralized group of men, has aided each one of them to brave in realizing these goals, and ensuring that each of his men savor the success of these goals. McDonough made a comparison between good and bad leadership through the two lieutenants – the non-commissioned officer who refuses to fight, and he who wishes to be a real leader. Vivid details in the memoir bring the setting come to life along with the compelling set of characters. McDonough seemingly did not find it necessary to delve much in the morbid images of the war, rather, on the relationships that developed throughout the story. It was reflected in moments of irony and humor – an indication of the need to be resilient. He also enumerated different strategies and tactics that had been formulated during the war. These relationships were part of the humanizing aspects of the story, including issues that involve latrines. McDonough filled his memoir with discovering varied kinds of relationships with different men – from high-ranking men to allies and enemies, and civilians. It was a compilation of the view and experiences of war by different people. The Platoon Leader also indicated the ethics and morals of the war, the dehumanizing possibility a soldier might come across in the cruelty of the war. McDonough’s instrument character in this memoir is his being a leader – it enabled him to explore relationships, establish a set of war ethics and morals, a progression into a real leader. He portrayed a wise, humane, tough and firm leader, under the most difficult circumstances. The novel is a profound documentation on wartime virtues – making it a very important piece in American literature (Mazza). References: Hopkins, Martha. â€Å"Platoon Leader: A Memoir of Command in Combat.† 2003.25 May 2007 . Jacobs. â€Å"Platoon Leader: A Memoir of Command in Combat : Review.† 2007. 25 May 2007 . Mazza, Michael. â€Å"Platoon Leader: A Memoir of Command in Combat: Review.† 2004. 25 May 2007

Macromolecule Definition and Examples

Macromolecule Definition and Examples In chemistry and biology, a  macromolecule is defined as a molecule with a very large number of atoms. Macromolecules typically have more than 100 component atoms. Macromolecules exhibit very different properties from smaller molecules, including their subunits, when applicable. In contrast, a micromolecule is a molecule which has a small size and molecular weight. The term macromolecule was coined by Nobel laureate Hermann Staudinger in the 1920s. At the time, the term polymer had a different meaning than it does today, or else it might have become the preferred word. Macromolecule Examples Most polymers are macromolecules and many biochemical molecules are macromolecules. Polymers consist of subunits, called mers, that are covalently linked to form larger structures. Proteins, DNA, RNA, and plastics are all macromolecules. Many carbohydrates and lipids are macromolecules. Carbon nanotubes are an example of a macromolecule that is not a biological material.

Individualized Education Plan Goals for Place Value

Individualized Education Plan Goals for Place Value Learning place value is critical for expanding mathematical understanding past single-digit addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division- even for students who are on an individual education plan, or  IEP. Understanding ones, tens, hundreds, thousands as well as tenths, hundredths, etc.- also referred to as the  base 10  system- will help IEP students manipulate and use large numbers. Base 10 is also the foundation of the U.S. monetary system, and the metric measurement system. Read on to find examples of IEP goals for place value that align to the  Common Core State Standards. The Common Core State Standards Before you can write IEP goals for place value/the base-10 system, its important to understand what the Common Core State Standards require for this skill. The standards, developed by a federal panel and adopted by 42 states, require that students- whether they are on an IEP or mainstream students in the general education population- must: Understand that the two digits of a two-digit number represent amounts of tens and ones. (They must also be able to):Count within 1,000; skip-count by 5s, 10s, and 100s.Read and write numbers to 1,000 using base-ten numerals, number names, and expanded form. IEP Goals for the Place Value Regardless of whether your student is eight or 18, she stills  need to master these skills. The following IEP goals would be considered appropriate for that purpose. Feel free to use these suggested goals as you write your IEP. Note that you would replace Johnny Student with the name of your student. When given a two-digit number, Johnny Student will model the number using place value rods and blocks, with 90 percent accuracy in four out of five trials administered over a one-week period as measured by teacher-charted data and work samples.When presented with three-digit numbers, Johnny Student will correctly identify the digit in the ones, tens, and hundreds places with 90 percent accuracy in four out of five trials administered over a one-week period as measured by teacher-charted data and work samples. Specific and Measurable Remember that to be legally acceptable,  IEP goals must be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-limited. In the previous examples, the teacher would track the students progress, over a one-week period, and document progress via data and work samples demonstrating the student can perform the skill with 90-percent accuracy. You can also write place-value goals in a way that measures the number of correct student responses, rather the percentage of accuracy, such as: In a classroom setting, when given a missing numbers chart with numbers up to 100, Johnny Student will write nine out of 10 correct numbers in three out of four consecutive trials over a one-month period as measured by teacher and staff observation as well as work samples.When presented with a three-digit number between 100 and 1,000, Johnny Student will count up by 10s in nine out of 10 trials over a one-month period as measured by teacher and staff observation as well as work samples. By writing the goals in this manner, you can track student progress through simple worksheets that allow the student to count by 10s. This makes  tracking student progress  in using the base-10 system much easier.

How diversity and multiculturalism affects my daily life Essay

How diversity and multiculturalism affects my daily life - Essay Example ing unique experiences and characteristics to the work force thus resulting in a diverse work force that is able to accomplish all the tasks effectively (Barni & Extra, 2008). Diversity and multiculturalism affects different facets of my life in the work place. First, it affects my communication ability. Due to a diverse work force, I have to advocate equal respect to the various cultures within the workplace. I have to handle each case differently so as to appear neutral and fair. Sometimes, I am forced to practice correct pronunciation of each of the colleague’s full name for each of them to feel included and not discriminated against. I have to enforce effective communication because different cultures receive information in messages through different ways and lack of effective communication can lead to great challenges (Steinberg, 2009). Diversity and multiculturalism makes me enquire more cultural information about the communities we serve so at to better our interactions with them. My knowledge of the cultural differences as well as my ability to demonstrate respect for those differences has resulted in increased rapport. Secondly, diversity and multiculturalism makes advocate teamwork within the task force. I often encourage fellow Sheriffs to work together for a common cause. It enables me to make a conscious effort in my mind in each situation to treat all people and segment of society fairly and objectively. I usually incorporate elements of inclusion and diversity and strict stance on harassment s well as intolerance for any form of discrimination. I daily advocate a policy of encouraging the maintenance of cultural diversity within the work force. Thirdly, it affects how I treat people. I often direct my effort towards building coalitions with people of different race, class, gender, home language, sexual orientation, and so on. This has helped in providing valuable relationships for collaborative problem-solving as well as feedback. Fourthly, it

Enga Culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Enga Culture - Research Paper Example The Enga community connotes as one of the diverse communities, which follows the arrangement of its belief, kinship, gender and values. In spite of influence from the western society, the primary mode of subsistence has remained remarkable and unchanged. The science of plant cultivation remains the paramount subsistence activity whereby they prepare the soil for tubers, seeds and propagated plants. The community dominates Enga province located in the highlands of New Guinea (Trompf, 2006). Like people living around, they have unique body paintings formulated from oil pants, mud, clay and animal oil. They dance and sing, as well as face paint in cultural festivals and social traditions. Contrary to other cultures, the Enga community has woman managing community resources including exchange items and livestock. Consequently, there is Enga’s belief on putative, agnatic ancestry with a shadowy past related to their clansmen. The main sedentary horticultural crops include sweet potatoes and pig raisers since they use pigs as their most significant aspect in exchange system. Over the years, the Enga community has been considered an indigenous as well as a diverse society, which gives emphasis on values, beliefs, kinship and gender relationship. The adaptations present in the land enable the Enga people live in their environment peacefully with a population of between 6000 to 9000 people. The impact of agricultural subsistence on the Enga community has been diverse as, starting from their ancestors up to present generations, they believe the working at land is the best treatment (Bonnemere, 2004). As a primary means of subsistence, men perform most heavy work including clearing, ditching, fencing, deep tilting and general farming. Women, on the other hand, remain with other family chores including maintaining the lands, ensuring round planting, harvesting the food and products, not forgetting processing of coffee after harvesting. The primary mode of subsistence for the Enga community has, therefore, transformed the community defining roles for all the community members. This is imperative as the current world encourages specialization and division of labor. Horticulture, which is the main mode of primary subsistence for the Enga people, has promoted varying societal and environmental changes. This is due to the ever-changing and dynamic world which imposes limitations upon all resources. For instance, the community has developed mechanisms of controlling population as well as means of reducing various risks (Rosman, Rubel & Weisgrau 2009). Horticulture remains the main subsistence of the Enga culture; however, due caution, the community realized it could not work under perceived risks such as potato diseases. The community developed various ways such as traditional methods of preservation to help in furthering stability of horticulture. This allows the Enga people to live within the environment full of constraints. Consequently, they are able to regulate performance of societal rituals, as well as share resources

Illegal immigrants in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Illegal immigrants in the US - Essay Example Intellectuals, officials from the government, and policy analysts have attempted to find out the social, economic, and political aftermaths of illegal immigration. Specifically, there has been intense argument on whether illegal immigrants have positive impacts on the American society and whether they should be allowed to live in America or be deported to their countries of orign. Since the matter relates very much to the nation’s politics and economy, it has become a subject of study and debate (Kenney 21). While various studies have shown that to some extent, immigrants are bad for the American nation, others have shown that they are good for the nation. I believe that illegal immigrants do benefit the American nation and they should be allowed to live in the United States because they provide cheap labor, do not get any benefits from the system, it is morally wrong to dport them, deporting illegal immigrants will be very costly, and that the United States was built from imm igrants. Numerous surveys show that a consensus exists amongst scores of policy analysts and economists of the fact that both illegal and legal immigration is beneficial to the economy as gives net boost to the economy, provide cheap labor, broaden the market for goods and services, and reduce the cost of goods and services (West 430). Inarguably, illegal immigrants are good mainly for the labor market as they take up low-paying jobs that American citizens and some legal migrants might not want. They supply labor to industries at a cost that is relatively lower. Since many illegal workers are desperate for work, they are prepared to accept lower pay unlike actual citizens and legal immigrants. This is critical because it assists in the reduction of many industries’ labor costs and hence boosts their effectiveness (Kenny 55). Additionally, they increase consumer demand as they broaden the market for goods and services. This is because they lead to an

An organised list Essay Example for Free

An organised list Essay This experiment was carried out by three psychology students to investigate the role of organisation in memory and whether organisation of material helps memory recall.  An opportunity sample of friends and relatives were asked to take part in the study. The sample comprised 34 participants aged between 16 and 60. There were two conditions and the participants were split equally between them. In Condition 1, participants studied a prepared organised list of words and in Condition 2 they studied a random list. Their memory was then tested by free recall. An independent design was used and the results analysed using the Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that organisation does play an important role in memory. Participants who studied the organised list of words recalled significantly more words then those who studied the random list. This supports the findings of other studies into the role of organisation in memory.  BACKGROUND  Memory is an essential part of the human make-up and without it society as we know it would not exist. Whilst there are still questions about how memories are created, stored and retrieved, it seems clear from studies that have been carried out that the more organised information is, the easier the recall is.  Bousfield (1953) showed that even when words were presented in a random order, many participants use some form of categorisation in order to aid their recall. Bousfield took lists of words from several different categories, such as animals or cities, and randomised them. Participants were asked to memorise the list of words and then later were asked to recall as many words as possible. Many of the participants used self imposed categories in order aid their recall of the word list. Other studies have looked at whether pre-organised information is easier to recall. Tulving has conducted much research into cued recall. Tulving and Pearlstone (1966) studied the effects of cued recall. Participants were read list of words which were all under a category name. They were asked to memorise the words but not the category headings and were then split into two groups. When the first group were asked to recall as many words as possible, they were given the category headings to aid them (cued recall). The second group were asked to free recall. The group which were given the category headings recalled more words; suggesting that organisation into categories aids memory retrieval. Bower (1969) also studied the effects of organisation on memory. Again participants were split into two groups. Each group was shown a total of 112 words separated onto four cards. One group had cards on which the words were presented in logical branching diagrams, and the second group had cards on which the words were presented randomly on the branches. The process of studying the cards and recalling as many words as they could was repeated four times. The group whose cards had been presented in a logical manner recalled all 112 words in the final two recalls; the other group averaged just 70 words on the final recall. The study again suggests that material presented in logical categories is more easily stored and recalled from memory. Other investigations have been undertaken into whether memory is improved by participants organising material into categories themselves. Wittrock and Carter (1975) used lists similar to those used by Bower but the ordering of the words was in a random format. Half of the participants were asked to simply copy out the list of words, whilst the other half were asked to order them logically before writing them down. Recall was greater in those who had been asked to organise the lists of words themselves. They also carried out the same experiment but with organised lists of words. Again recall was greater in the groups that had been asked to impose their own organisation on the lists suggesting that recall will be greater when the learner has some input into the organisation of the material. Mandler (1967) also used self categorisation within his study. Participants were given words printed on cards and asked to organise them into categories (at least 2 but no more than 7). These participants recalled more words than those who had been given words as a random list. Mandler also found that the more categories participants had used, the greater the number of words recalled. This suggests that the greater the organisation of material, the better the memory storage and retrieval. It also appears that in order to aid recall, actively organising information is at least as important as the intention to learn. The most efficient learners were those that actively sought to categorise the material to be learned, however, most people only did this when they were asked to do so.  All of the above studies arrive at the same conclusion; that the better the organisation of information, the better the recall of that information, particularly when that information has been organised by the learner.

Smokey the Bear :: essays research papers

Smokey the Bear In 1950, a careless act turned into tragedy when a fire burned wild and swept away over 17,000 acres of forest watershed land in the Capitan Mountains, Lincoln National Forest. When the fire had died off, a badly burned cub was rescued from a charred tree. This cub, later named 'Smokey,'; was taken to the National Zoo where he lived out the rest of his life. Smokey was soon used to create an animated bear aimed at informing people of forest fires and fire prevention. The 'Smokey the Bear'; ad campaign was extremely effective and is still being used today as a way to inform the public of campfire do's and don'ts. Advertising is a $125 billion industry that attracts the attention of the public. Advertising is used as a tool of persuasion in television, magazines, radio, billboards, and in-store displays. The incredible amount of money, artistic ability, and intellectual energy spent on advertisements helps us understand the great power of the media and the advertiser's ability to control their viewers. Advertising in today's society is largely based on brand name recognition. It doesn't matter how good the product being sold is, but rather how good the product's advertisements are. A consumer is more likely to purchase a more expensive item because it has a flashy advertisement than buy a cheaper product they have never heard of before. The American public has a very short attention span, so only the most colorful, attractive advertisements will hold a person's attention long enough to see what the ad is selling. For instance, sex is used to sell just about everything. It is perhaps the only element that can be used by advertisers that the public will never get tired of seeing. A good example of this is alcohol advertisements. What does sex have to do with alcohol? Nothing, but it gives off the impression that when one drinks alcohol it will lead to sex. Of course, this is true to some extent, but the two do not go hand in hand. They are completely separate entities that cross paths more times than not, but alcohol advertisements give off the idea that when you purchase a case of beer, you are in store for a good night of sex. Ads like this are very misleading but it proves just how gullible the American public can be. The alcohol company Budweiser uses three frogs to sell beer to the public.

Abraham Lincoln Essay -- essays research papers

Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the U.S (1861-1865) who brought the Union to victory in the Civil War. Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky. His father was Thomas Lincoln and his mother was Nancy Hanks, both were pioneer farmers. When Abraham Lincoln was two they moved to nearby Knob Creek, Indiana. The following year his mother died. In 1819 Abraham Lincoln’s father married Sarah Bush Johnston, a kind widow who gained Abraham Lincoln’s friendship. Abraham Lincoln grew up to be a tall, gangling boy who could handle himself. He also showed intellectual promises, even though he had little formal education. In 1831 he moved again to Macon County, Illinois and finally he got a job on a cargo ship sailing down the Mississippi to New Orleans. He then returned to Illinois to settle in New Salem on the Sangamon River, were he became a clerk at a local store. In 1832 he became Captain of a company going to fight in the Black Hawk War. When the war ended he came home and he tried to open a store but that ended in a failure when his partner died. In 1833 he was appoint ed postmaster. But he also had to take up surveying to support himself. In time he was able to pay off his debts and began to study law. In 1834 Lincoln was elected on the Wing ticket to serve in the Lower House until 1841. He emerged as a party leader, so he moved to Springfield the capital of Illinois. At this time he also became a very popular attorney with a partnership of 3 other men. In 1842 ...

My best educational experience Essay

My best educational experience was learning to drive my car. My [insert figure name] taught me how to understand the basics of driving as well as defensive driving. He or she would always state that driving was a big responsibility. I always wondered why driving a car could be a responsibility and I learned it very slowly during my driving course in school. Our instructor stated that driving was a two-way encounter with others and your own vehicle. He did not allow us to get into a car until we understood the rules of the road. For instance, did you know that you must wear a seatbelt no matter what? And it’s also important to check under and in your car before cranking the ignition? I never thought that stuff was important unless it was in a movie. After he ensured us that it was for our safety, I check to make sure I’m okay. Learning the rules of the road was an easy task. We had to learn about the signal lights, lines of the roads, and basics of driving with others. My vision test (signal lights and signs) was a breeze because the signs were so easy to remember. At first, I could not remember which sign meant construction workers and pedestrians; now I can recognize any sign that involves individuals crossing my path. Learning how to drive a car also meant learning how to understand my car. Our driving instructor taught us the general structure of a car by posting pictures and having actual parts in our class. Each day, we learned a new part and how it functions in our car. The third day of class was our messiest; he brought a transmission into our classroom with oil on it. He stated that our cars would not be able to move if our transmission did not work. I really didn’t know that before he told me – and it makes me wonder how naive I would have been without knowing it. By the end of the seven weeks, our instructor took us on the road. I was the 12th driver listed for an on-road exam for my permit. I was very nervous because I had to get on the road with other experienced drivers. My instructor told me to be careful and relax. I relaxed then I was careful with my driving. I realized that being ‘uptight’ about the situation could make things worse. Driving a car was not surgery (even though our instructor made it seem that way). Driving was an enjoyment because I could determine my destinations. If I wanted to get away and go to the beach, all I had to do is crank my car and fill up the tank. The freedom of driving has taught me how to appreciate my time. By having access to a vehicle, I realized that I was fortunate to feel comfortable behind a wheel. Cars are a big responsibility and I agree with [insert figure name]. It does take a responsible person to travel highways at high speeds in a vehicle. I’m glad that I was able to become one of those responsible people and learning to drive was an amazing experience – it taught me how to guide myself in the right direction.