Free Essays on DataBases

There are many faces of Databases, a large databases can contain hundreds of interrelated files. Fortunately a database management system can shield users from the inner workings of the system, providing them with only the information and commands they need to get their jobs done. In fact, a well-designed database puts on different faces for different classes of users. The earliest file management programs could only do batch processing, which required users to accumulate transactions and feed them into computers in large batches. These batch systems weren't able to provide the kind of immediate feedback we expect today. Today disk drives, inexpensive memory, and sophisticated software have allowed interactive processing to replace batch processing for most applications. Users can now interact with data through terminals, viewing and changing values in real time. Batch processing is still used for printing periodic bills, invoices, and reports and for making backup copies of data files. But for applications that demand immediacy, such as airline reservations, banking transactions, and the like, interactive, multi-user database systems have taken over. Until recently most databases were housed in mainframe computers. But for a growing number of organizations, the traditional database on a mainframe system is no longer the norm. Some companies use a client/server approach: Database software in client desktop computers works with files stored in central server databases on mainframes, minicomputers, or desktop computers. Other company's use distributed databases that use data strewn out across networks on several different computers. From the user's point of view, the differences between these approaches may not be apparent. Many computer scientists believe that the relational data model may be supplanted in the next decade by an object-oriented data model, and that most future databases will be object-oriented databases rat... Free Essays on DataBases Free Essays on DataBases There are many faces of Databases, a large databases can contain hundreds of interrelated files. Fortunately a database management system can shield users from the inner workings of the system, providing them with only the information and commands they need to get their jobs done. In fact, a well-designed database puts on different faces for different classes of users. The earliest file management programs could only do batch processing, which required users to accumulate transactions and feed them into computers in large batches. These batch systems weren't able to provide the kind of immediate feedback we expect today. Today disk drives, inexpensive memory, and sophisticated software have allowed interactive processing to replace batch processing for most applications. Users can now interact with data through terminals, viewing and changing values in real time. Batch processing is still used for printing periodic bills, invoices, and reports and for making backup copies of data files. But for applications that demand immediacy, such as airline reservations, banking transactions, and the like, interactive, multi-user database systems have taken over. Until recently most databases were housed in mainframe computers. But for a growing number of organizations, the traditional database on a mainframe system is no longer the norm. Some companies use a client/server approach: Database software in client desktop computers works with files stored in central server databases on mainframes, minicomputers, or desktop computers. Other company's use distributed databases that use data strewn out across networks on several different computers. From the user's point of view, the differences between these approaches may not be apparent. Many computer scientists believe that the relational data model may be supplanted in the next decade by an object-oriented data model, and that most future databases will be object-oriented databases rat...

Renal Cell Caricnoma essays

Renal Cell Caricnoma essays Renal Cell Carcinoma: Genetic Causes :: How does the Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome cause Renal Cell Carcinoma? In the course of researching information about Renal Cell Carcinoma, a cancer of the renal cells located in the kidney, the impact of Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome and other genetic defects resulting in the formation of Renal Carcinoma was quite interesting. A great risk factor in the diagnosis of Renal Cell Cancer and the initial tumour formation would be the family history of the disease, and/or a family history of the Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome, both of which are genetic defects that are passed down from generation to generation; analysis of this information would lead to the conclusion that genetic factors play an important role in the formation of the Renal tumours. Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome is a genetic birth defect that is passed down through heredity. In a person that suffers from the Syndrome, the Von Hippel-Lindau Tumour Suppressor gene is deformed in certain cells, resulting in cells that turn into tumours more readily then normal cells. If a tumour does indeed form, the peripheral blood (or blood flowing alongside the tumour) will have a greater chance of picking up the deformed VHL gene. But how does the deformation of the VHL gene result in the formation of the tumour in the first place? The VHL gene mutation is a genetic disease found in 3 out of 100,000 people. Usually, carriers of this disease begin to form VHL-related tumours during ages 20-40. Some tumours that can be caused by the VHL defect are retinal blastoma, cerebellar blastoma, and, of course, renal cell carcinoma in the kidney. The VHL defect lies in the short arm of the 3rd chromosome; over 300 positions of the deformations have been reported worldwide, and some include entire deletions of the VHL gene from the chromosome. It has been discovered recently that the VHL protein that is transcripted f ...

Post Colonial Discourse essays

Post Colonial Discourse essays One might be inclined to suggest that Aboriginal writing is the new genre, offering its own syntax, appealing to those who would like to situate the Aboriginal book as the representative of Aboriginality: the written and purely factual notion that this is what it means to be home-grown the Indigenous Other. However to bracket-off Aboriginal writing as a socially progressive fact is, perhaps, illusory; with Aboriginal writers previously unheard of (and of course representing what was once unmentionable) will we see signs of a cultural, pluralistic buoyancy? The once silenced voices that can now be circulated and understood seems to suggest that white Australia has relaxed its position, welcoming among its literary ranks those with something important to say. To suggest, however, that Aboriginality in print form can only be good is an innocent mistake. For all that is seen as a contemporary license to express ones cultural and personal take on what being Aboriginal means by way of the text, is merely confirmation of mainstream Australias white-refusal to meet Aboriginality on its own terms that is, understanding or cultural pluralism cannot be published. And certainly not when the Aboriginal text is an artifice that had to be pushed into the Australian social contract, whereby (Aboriginal) tradition is, and must be, neglected in order to ask for understanding. The Aboriginal text, therefore (regardless of its move toward Western aesthetic qualities), must be seen as a political gesture first, a hybrid second, and then anecdotal evidence, pure, of further oppression dressed up as a means to equality, justice, true expression, and for the white-reading-public: something stylish. As Robert Ariss points out, the construction of an Aboriginal discourse was never somethi...

Mass Media's Negative Impact on American Society Essay

Mass Media's Negative Impact on American Society - Essay Example A major role in the impeachment of President Clinton was played by the media of the country as well. But today, the unconcealed public anxiety, which concerns functioning, tasks, content of the media, sounds louder. Many prominent figures of our society, as well as many ordinary people, express dissatisfaction concerning an increasingly negative impact of mass media not only on journalism itself, but on society as a whole. This primarily concerns the quality of today’s American journalism within a moral and ethical point of view. Most of the public is deeply concerned also, that the media tries to teach us morality, â€Å"passing some inherited moral norms from generation to generation†. However, the very essence of this social heritage has been vigorously debated. In spite of the fact that in very few media reports and television broadcasts morality is perceptible and obvious, hints at some or other moral values are always present, especially on TV. At the same time th e media is flooded with scenes of violence in action and horror films and cartoons even, endless shootings, crime reports, aggressive music and games that, so some extend, popularize the criminal culture. In many cases the media does not consciously want to provoke violence in society – it just covers over a weak storyline of a picture or lack of really important news with scenes of violence, which surely attract attention of common people. Such scenes have a direct impact on subconsciousness, because they influence on the feelings rather than senses. The media forms in teenagers’ heads some stable mechanism, according to which they will act in this or that reality situation (Moy and... This essay stresses that sex in mass media is not limited to explicit images of copulation or nudity; it may include any model implying sexual behavior, interest or motivation. The most alarming in the behavioral effects of viewing erotic materials is that there is a traced direct connection between it and commission of sexual assaults. There were a lot of studies conducted, which considered the ratings of such crimes as rapes, exhibitionism, sexual abuse of minors, depending on changes in availability of sexually explicit materials. This report makes a conclusion that the last decades witnessed the rapid development of new communication technologies. E-mail, Internet, digital television, have become a part of our lives, often pushing to the sidelines the traditional media. Communication ceases to be one-way, there appear elements of interactivity. The question of the influence of the media appears in a new perspective. The amount of information available to each member of society increases many times; the process of news diffusion becomes swift and varied. At the same time the content quality of mass media lives much to be desired. It’s full to the brim with violence, advertising, false ideals and tons of shallow information a normal man will never need. Everyday impact of the media on society leads to creation of stereotypes, simplification of thinking and psychological patterns, as information is presented in ready-made form with a certain emotional coloring, which leaves no space for creative conceptua lization.

Techniques of 21st century political speech writing Essay

Techniques of 21st century political speech writing - Essay Example The following tools of successful political speech writing reveal a curtain of mystery from this rhetoric master skill. Imagery means, such as metaphor and simile: â€Å"Like being savaged by a dead sheep†. This simile appeals to the audience and makes an emphasis on required issues clearly. It goes without saying and it’s no wonder that usage of imagery in political speeches bears fruits: in one way or another, subconsciously or not, the recipient audience looks in their memories for a certain image thus information encoded is engraved in their minds. Another technique, such as repetition, is considered to be relevant in political speech writing too. More often it is claimed that anaphora, which is repetition of the first words of each line, is generally used. It is also possible to use repetition inside the sentence, for example: â€Å"There are some of us... who will fight, fight, and fight again to save the party we love.† or â€Å"Ask me my three priorities : education, education, education†. In such a way repetition engraves the most crucial aspects of political speech. Nevertheless it is necessary to underline that usage of repetition throughout the speech can be boring and ineffective.

Language Aquisition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Language Aquisition - Essay Example The process further advances to a stage where a child learns language agreement rule. For instance, it is through an English agreement rule that a child learns a verb for third-person, singular subjects are added ‘s’. Language acquisition also involves creativity; it is through creativity that children manage to use their derivational rules knowledge in creating novel words. For example, it is through knowledge of derivational rules that a child manages to derive a verb from a noun, â€Å"broom-broom it†, and use it in his utterance, â€Å"I broomed it up† (â€Å"Language Acquisition† 344). Language acquisition is also enhanced by acquaintance of syntactic rules knowledge (â€Å"Language Acquisition† 346). It is the knowledge of the syntactic rule that enables a child to utter complex words. It is also the same knowledge that enables very young children to understand the word-order rules, and as a result, differentiate sentences. The ability of children to put words together is as a result of them developing the ability of relating syntactic and semantic rules. At this stage, children utterance appears telegraphic because of the level of their linguistic capacity. However, this is later solved by the children categorizing and segmenting words through learning their

Self Ethic Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Self Ethic Evaluation - Essay Example This only makes things easier to analyze and thus implement at a later stage. I have also known that by being ethical I am only following the nature in one way or the other. It adds up to the kind of optimism that one can wish for in this day and age with immense negativity already being portrayed by the media and related tangents. My ethical domains have thus come from my own comprehension with regards to tasks and actions which have been drawn up with the passage of time and since I have grown and developed I have also found out that this is the best foot forward. I need to remain in loop with ethics as it makes me feel at ease with my own self and the people who are around me or the ones I am dealing with on a day to day basis. My ethics is therefore a manifestation of who I am and how I would like to see things through on a regular level. A self evaluation of ethics deduces the fact that I am indeed on the right path as far as ethical dimensions are concerned as these beef up my personality in more ways than one. These allow me to remain vigilant with my tasks and undertakings, and to be loyal towards doing something worthwhile for the sake of the society in the long run. As far as my personal ethics are concerned, I would describe these to be a combination of doing well for others as well as paying heed to what others have to suggest without having any malice whatsoever. My personal ethics is therefore a documentation of how my personality has shaped up over the years and how I wish to see things in proper contexts and perspectives. My personal ethics takes a leaf out of my father’s book who I respect immensely. I have seen him manage things in a moral way time and time again, and this is the manner under which I have been able to achieve much success over the years. I have learned that by being ethical, one can have a good rapport with the people around him or the ones who work alongside him. By being ethical, one can learn many new things in life which would have been difficult to envisage if ethics were missing from the related realms (Mauro, Natale and Libertella 1999). My personal ethics is banking a great deal on how I view things from an ending viewpoint. This means that I deduce the result beforehand and then decide how to go about managing activities and behaviors. It allows me to learn new nuances and get the feel of quite a few tangents, all of which remain significant towards my life. When I derive happiness and satisfaction from what I do in my personal activities, I find out that my ethical domains have been truly manifested. This allows me to comprehend where I was right and where I have gone completely wrong. I make amends and discern how I shall shape up my life in accordance with my personal ethics which remain quintessential to me. In entirety, I keep on learning new aspects and adopt from others what they do with regards to their respective ethical definitions. This is a classic case of learning in a hands- on fashion because it allows me to manifest what I am continuously finding out. Business has a huge list of responsibilities attached to it as far as incorporation and implementation of ethics is concerned. This is because it has to satisfy a number of publics on many levels. It has to be accountable to the people for which it exists, i.e. the customers, as well as the ones who are working under its aegis – the employees. The role of the business within this day and age is not only to make a profit but do it